Assertion ( A) Phosphorus chlorides ( tri and penta) are preferred over thionyl chloride for the preparation of alkyl chlorides from alcohols.
Reason (R) Phosphorus chlorides give pure alkyl halides.

Options

A. Assertion and reason both are correct and reason is correct explanation of assertion
B. Assertion and reason both are wrong statements
C. Assertion is correct but reason is wrong statement
D. Assertion is wrong but reason is correct statement.

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the assertion and reason about phosphorus chlorides and thionyl chloride, we can break it down step by step:

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion
The assertion states that phosphorus chlorides (tri and penta) are preferred over thionyl chloride for the preparation of alkyl chlorides from alcohols.

**Hint:** Consider the common reagents used in organic synthesis and their effectiveness in producing alkyl halides.

### Step 2: Evaluate the Assertion
This assertion is incorrect. Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is actually preferred for the conversion of alcohols to alkyl chlorides because it provides a cleaner reaction with fewer side products.

**Hint:** Recall the general reactions of alcohols with thionyl chloride and phosphorus chlorides, focusing on the byproducts formed.

### Step 3: Understand the Reason
The reason given is that phosphorus chlorides give pure alkyl halides.

**Hint:** Think about the nature of the products formed when using different reagents for the same reaction.

### Step 4: Evaluate the Reason
This reason is also incorrect. Phosphorus chlorides do not necessarily yield pure alkyl halides; they can lead to a mixture of products and may require further purification.

**Hint:** Consider the implications of using phosphorus chlorides in reactions and whether they lead to pure products or not.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Since both the assertion and the reason are incorrect, the correct option is that both the assertion and reason are wrong.

**Final Answer:** The correct option is the second one: both the assertion and reason are incorrect statements.

### Summary of Steps:
1. Analyze the assertion regarding phosphorus chlorides.
2. Determine the accuracy of the assertion.
3. Analyze the reason provided.
4. Determine the accuracy of the reason.
5. Conclude based on the evaluations.