The source of nitrogen in Gabriel syntheisis of amine is..

Options

A. sodium azide, `NaN_(3)`
B. sodium nitrite, `NaNO_(2)`
C. potassium cyanide, KCN
D. potassium pthalimide `C_(6)H_(4)(CO)_(2)N^(-)K^(+)`

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Gabriel Synthesis**: Gabriel synthesis is a method used to prepare primary amines from phthalimide. The key reactant in this synthesis is potassium phthalimide.

2. **Identifying the Source of Nitrogen**: In Gabriel synthesis, the nitrogen source is derived from potassium phthalimide. This compound contains a nitrogen atom that will ultimately be incorporated into the amine product.

3. **Reaction with Alcoholic KOH**: When potassium phthalimide is treated with alcoholic potassium hydroxide (KOH), it forms potassium phthalimide. The reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{Phthalimide} + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{Potassium Phthalimide} \]

4. **Alkyl Halide Reaction**: The potassium phthalimide then reacts with an alkyl halide (R-X, where X is a halogen) in a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The nitrogen atom in the phthalimide attacks the carbon atom of the alkyl halide, leading to the formation of a new bond:
\[ \text{Potassium Phthalimide} + \text{R-X} \rightarrow \text{Phthalimide-R} + \text{KX} \]

5. **Hydrolysis**: The product (Phthalimide-R) is then hydrolyzed (either through acidic or basic hydrolysis) to yield the primary amine and phthalic acid:
\[ \text{Phthalimide-R} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Primary Amine} + \text{Phthalic Acid} \]

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the source of nitrogen in Gabriel synthesis of amine is potassium phthalimide.

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