Which of the following species are involved

Options

A. `R-NC`
B. `CHCl_(3)`
C. `COCl_(2)`
D. `NaNO_(2)+HCl`

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the species involved in the carbylamine reaction, we can break it down into a step-by-step explanation.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reaction**: The carbylamine reaction involves a primary amine reacting with chloroform (CHCl₃) in the presence of a base (usually potassium hydroxide, KOH).

2. **Write the Reactants**: The reactants for the carbylamine reaction are:
- A primary amine (RNH₂)
- Chloroform (CHCl₃)
- A strong base (KOH)

3. **Understand the Reaction Mechanism**:
- The primary amine (RNH₂) reacts with chloroform (CHCl₃) in the presence of KOH.
- The base deprotonates the amine, making it a better nucleophile.
- The amine attacks the carbon atom of chloroform, leading to the formation of an isocyanate intermediate.

4. **Identify the Products**: The main product of the carbylamine reaction is an alkyl isocyanate (R-N=C=O). The side products formed during the reaction are:
- Potassium chloride (KCl)
- Water (H₂O)

5. **Summarize the Overall Reaction**:
- The overall reaction can be summarized as:
\[ \text{RNH}_2 + \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{R-NC} + \text{KCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
- Here, R-NC represents the alkyl isocyanate formed.

### Final Answer:
The species involved in the carbylamine reaction are:
- Primary amine (RNH₂)
- Chloroform (CHCl₃)
- Base (KOH)
- Products: Alkyl isocyanate (R-NC), Potassium chloride (KCl), Water (H₂O)

---