(a) Where does fertilization occur in humans ? Explain the events that occur during this process.
(b) A couple where both husband and wife are producing functional gametes, but the wife is still unable to conceive, is seeking medical aid. Describe any one method that you can suggest to this couple to become happy parents.

Explanation

(a) Fertilization of ovum takes place in the ampullary-isthmic junction of the fallopian tubes. Egg viable for only 24-48 hours after ovulation.
Human fertililzation is the union of a human egg and sperm, usually occurring in the ampulla of the uterine tube. The result of this union is the production of a Zygote, or fertilized edd, intiating prenatal development.
The process of fertilization involves a sperm fusing with an ovum. The most common sequence beings with ejaculation during copulation, follwed by ovulation, and finishes with fertilization. Various exceptions to this sequencr are possible, including artificial insemination, In vitro fertilization, external ejaculation without copulation, or copulation shortly after ovulation. Upon ecountering the secondary oocyte, the acrosome of the sperm produes enzymes which allow it to burrow through the outer jelly coat of egg. The sperm plasma than fuses with the egg's plasma membrane, the sperm head disconnects from its flagellum and the egg travels down the Fallopoian tube to reach the uterus. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is process by which egg cells are fertilized by sperm outside the womb, in vitro.
(b) In Fertilisation (IVF) Process by which egg cells are fertilised by sperm (usually 100,000 sperm/ml) outside the womb, in vitro. IVF is a major treatement in infertility when other methode of assisted reproductive technology have failed. The process involves hormonally controlling the ovulatory process, removing ova (eggs) from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilies thm in a fluid medium. The fertilised egg (zygote) with upto 8 blastomeres is transferred into the fallopion tube (ZIFT:Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer) and embryos with more than 8 blastomeres into the uterus [IUT: Intra Uterine Transfer] to complete its futher development.