What are eddy currents ? Discuss brifly any two applications of eddy currents.

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

**Step 1: Definition of Eddy Currents**
Eddy currents are loops of electric current that are induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field. When a conductor, such as a metal plate, is exposed to a varying magnetic field, the magnetic flux through the conductor changes. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, this change in magnetic flux induces currents within the conductor. These currents flow in closed loops, resembling eddies in a fluid, hence the name "eddy currents."

**Step 2: Characteristics of Eddy Currents**
Eddy currents can generate significant heat due to the resistance of the material through which they flow. If the induced currents are strong enough, they can cause the material to become very hot, sometimes even red hot. This heating effect is a crucial aspect of their applications.

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