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Do all the gametes formed from a parent ...

Do all the gametes formed from a parent organism have the same genetic composition (identical DNA copies of the parental genome) ? Analyse the situation with the background of gametogenesis and provide or give suitable explanation.

Text Solution

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The gametes of a parent do not have the same genetic composition as they do not have identical copies of DNA.
During pachytene and diplotene stages of meiosis - I, the crossing over and chiasma formation take place between homologous chromosomes.
The exchange of segments of DNA from one chromatid to another (homologous chromosomes) occurs in a random manner, resulting in several new combinations of DNA sequances.
Once the meiotic division is completed, gametes possess DNA with varying degree of variations.
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Offspring formed by sexual reproduction exhibit more variation than those formed by Asexual reproduction because. (A) Sexual reproduction is a lengthy process. (B) Gametes of parents have qualitatively different genetic composition. (C) Genetic material comes from parents of two different species. (D) Greater amount of DNA is involved in sexual reproduction.

Give scientific reasons for the following statements: The offsprings formed through asexual reproduction have same genetic constitution as their parent cell.