Which of the following are the reasons for population explosion ?
(i) Increased health facilities
(ii) Rapid increase in MMR
(iii) Rapid increase in IMR
(iv) Rapid decrease in MMR
(v) Decrease in number of people reaching reproductive age

Options

A. (i) and (iv)
B. (iii) and (v)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (i) and (v)

Explanation

To determine the reasons for population explosion from the given options, we can analyze each statement step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Increased Health Facilities (i)**:
- Increased health facilities lead to better healthcare, which results in lower mortality rates. As people live longer and healthier lives, the population tends to grow. Therefore, this is a reason for population explosion.

2. **Rapid Increase in MMR (ii)**:
- MMR stands for Maternal Mortality Rate. A rapid increase in MMR indicates that more women are dying during childbirth, which would actually lead to a decrease in population growth. Thus, this is **not** a reason for population explosion.

3. **Rapid Increase in IMR (iii)**:
- IMR stands for Infant Mortality Rate. An increase in IMR means more infants are dying, which would also lead to a decline in population growth. Therefore, this is **not** a reason for population explosion.

4. **Rapid Decrease in MMR (iv)**:
- A rapid decrease in MMR means fewer women are dying during childbirth, which can lead to an increase in the birth rate and, consequently, population growth. Thus, this is a reason for population explosion.

5. **Decrease in Number of People Reaching Reproductive Age (v)**:
- A decrease in the number of people reaching reproductive age would lead to fewer births, which would not support population growth. Therefore, this is **not** a reason for population explosion.

### Conclusion:
The reasons for population explosion from the given options are:
- (i) Increased health facilities
- (iv) Rapid decrease in MMR

### Final Answer:
The correct answers are (i) and (iv).

---