What is true for lactational amenorrhea ?
(i) It means absence of menstruction
(ii) Ovulation does not occur during the lactational period
(iii) Chances of contraception are almost nil upto six months following parturition
(iv) Side effects are almost nil
(v) Contraceptive efficiency reduces after the period of intense lactation
(vi) It is natural method of contraception
(vii) It increases phagocytosis of sperms

Options

A. (ii),(iii),(iv),(v) and (vi)
B. (i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)
C. (ii),(iii),(iv),(v) and (vii)
D. (i),(ii),(iii),(iv),(v) and (vi)

Answer

To determine what is true for lactational amenorrhea, let's analyze each statement step by step:

1. **Understanding Lactational Amenorrhea**:
- Lactational amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation during the breastfeeding period after childbirth. This is primarily due to hormonal changes that occur when a mother breastfeeds.

2. **Evaluating Each Statement**:
- **(i) It means absence of menstruation**:
- True. During lactational amenorrhea, menstruation does not occur.

- **(ii) Ovulation does not occur during the lactational period**:
- True. The hormonal changes during breastfeeding suppress ovulation.

- **(iii) Chances of contraception are almost nil up to six months following parturition**:
- True. The chances of conception are significantly reduced during the first six months of exclusive breastfeeding.

- **(iv) Side effects are almost nil**:
- True. Since lactational amenorrhea is a natural method of contraception, it typically has no side effects.

- **(v) Contraceptive efficiency reduces after the period of intense lactation**:
- True. As the breastfeeding intensity decreases, the effectiveness of lactational amenorrhea as a contraceptive method also diminishes.

- **(vi) It is a natural method of contraception**:
- True. Lactational amenorrhea is considered a natural contraceptive method due to its reliance on biological processes.

- **(vii) It increases phagocytosis of sperms**:
- False. This statement is incorrect as lactational amenorrhea does not directly affect sperm phagocytosis.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The true statements regarding lactational amenorrhea are (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), and (vi). The only false statement is (vii).

### Summary of True Statements:
- (i) True
- (ii) True
- (iii) True
- (iv) True
- (v) True
- (vi) True
- (vii) False