Which of the following are the drawbacks of the IUDs ?
(i) Their spontaneous expulsion, even without the woman's knowledge
(ii) They can cause excess mensutrual bleeding and pain
(iii) Risk of infection
(iv) They increase the phagocytosis of sperms
(vi) They suppress sperm motility.

Options

A. (i),(iii) and (vi)
B. (i),(ii),(iv) and (vi)
C. (i),(ii),(iii) and (v)
D. (i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)

Answer

To determine the drawbacks of Intrauterine Devices (IUDs), we will analyze each of the provided statements one by one.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement (i)
**Statement (i): Their spontaneous expulsion, even without the woman's knowledge.**
- IUDs can be expelled from the uterus without the woman being aware of it. This is considered a drawback because it can lead to unintended pregnancies.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement (ii)
**Statement (ii): They can cause excess menstrual bleeding and pain.**
- IUDs can lead to heavier menstrual bleeding and increased cramping during periods. This is another drawback associated with their use.

### Step 3: Analyze Statement (iii)
**Statement (iii): Risk of infection.**
- The insertion of IUDs can introduce bacteria into the uterus, leading to an increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and other infections. This is a recognized drawback.

### Step 4: Analyze Statement (iv)
**Statement (iv): They increase the phagocytosis of sperms.**
- IUDs can indeed increase the phagocytosis of sperm, which is a mechanism by which they prevent fertilization. However, this is not a drawback but rather a mechanism of action.

### Step 5: Analyze Statement (v)
**Statement (v): They suppress sperm motility.**
- Copper-releasing IUDs can affect sperm motility due to the copper ions released, which can inhibit sperm function. This can be considered a drawback for those using copper IUDs.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- Drawbacks of IUDs include:
- (i) Spontaneous expulsion
- (ii) Excess menstrual bleeding and pain
- (iii) Risk of infection
- (v) Suppression of sperm motility (only for copper-releasing IUDs)

The correct options indicating drawbacks of IUDs are (i), (ii), (iii), and (v).

### Final Answer
The drawbacks of IUDs are:
1. Spontaneous expulsion (i)
2. Excess menstrual bleeding and pain (ii)
3. Risk of infection (iii)
4. Suppression of sperm motility (v)