Organic farming includes

Options

A. use of fertilisers and pesticides of biological origin
B. IPM (Integrated Pest Management)
C. locally developed pest resistance varieties
D. all of these

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Define Organic Farming**: Organic farming is an agricultural practice that emphasizes the cultivation of crops without the use of synthetic chemicals or fertilizers. It focuses on maintaining ecological balance and soil fertility through natural methods.

2. **Identify Key Components of Organic Farming**: Organic farming includes:
- Use of bio-fertilizers: These are natural fertilizers derived from organic sources that help improve soil fertility.
- Use of bio-pesticides: These are natural pesticides that control pests without harming the environment.
- Integrated Pest Management (IPM): This is a holistic approach that combines different management strategies to control pests in an environmentally friendly way.
- Use of bio-herbicides: These are natural herbicides that help control unwanted plants without synthetic chemicals.

3. **Evaluate the Options Provided**: The question provides several options regarding what is included in organic farming:
- Option 1: Use of fertilizers and pesticides of biological origin.
- Option 2: Integrated pest management.
- Option 3: Locally developed pest-resistant varieties.
- Option 4: All of these.

4. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **Option 1**: Correct, as fertilizers and pesticides of biological origin are integral to organic farming.
- **Option 2**: Correct, as integrated pest management is a key component of organic practices.
- **Option 3**: Correct, if the pest-resistant varieties are developed through biological means, they fit within organic farming practices.

5. **Conclusion**: Since all the options provided (1, 2, and 3) are included in organic farming, the correct answer is **Option 4: All of these**.

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