Bacteria genetically engineered to express a gene from a plant will

Options

A. synthesis a protein with the same sequence of amino acids as in the plant and, therefore, the protein will have the same structure and function as in the plant
B. Synthesis a protein with essentially the same sequence of amino acids as in the plant with differences relating to different codon Wobble rules between prokartotes nad eukaryotes
C. not be able to synthesis a protein due to the presence of exon splicing sequences in the DNA sequence from the plant
D. not be able to synthesise a protein because translation is coupled with transcription and posttranscriptional processing does not occur in it

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Context**: The question asks about bacteria that have been genetically engineered to express a gene from a plant. We need to consider how gene expression works in prokaryotes (like bacteria) compared to eukaryotes (like plants).

2. **Gene Structure in Eukaryotes**: Plant genes typically contain both exons (coding regions) and introns (non-coding regions). When these genes are transcribed, the primary RNA transcript undergoes splicing, where introns are removed, and exons are joined together to form mature mRNA.

3. **Bacterial Gene Expression**: Bacteria, being prokaryotes, do not have the machinery to splice introns from eukaryotic genes. Therefore, when a plant gene is introduced into a bacterium, the bacterium cannot directly use the plant gene as it is.

4. **Use of cDNA**: To overcome this issue, scientists often create complementary DNA (cDNA) from the mature mRNA of the plant gene. This cDNA contains only the exons and is free of introns, making it suitable for expression in bacteria.

5. **Protein Synthesis**: Once the cDNA is introduced into the bacterial system, the bacteria can use this cDNA to synthesize the corresponding protein. The amino acid sequence of the protein synthesized will be the same as that produced in the plant because the cDNA is derived from the functional mRNA.

6. **Conclusion**: The engineered bacteria will synthesize a protein that has the same sequence of amino acids as in the plant, and thus, the proteins will have the same structure and function as in the plant. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option A.

**Final Answer**: Option A - Synthesis a protein within the same sequence of amino acid as in the plant and therefore the proteins will have the same structure and function as in the plant.

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