Point out the correct set of diamagnetic substances

Options

A. aluminum, sodium calcium and oxygen
B. bismuth, copper, lead and silicon
C. cobalt, nickel, gadolinium and aluminum
D. silver, niobium, magnesium and calcium

Explanation

To determine the correct set of diamagnetic substances, we need to understand the characteristics of different types of magnetic materials: paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and diamagnetic substances.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Types of Magnetic Substances**:
- **Paramagnetic Substances**: These materials are weakly attracted by a magnetic field. Examples include aluminum, sodium, calcium, and oxygen.
- **Ferromagnetic Substances**: These materials are strongly attracted by a magnetic field. Examples include cobalt, nickel, and gadolinium.
- **Diamagnetic Substances**: These materials are weakly repelled by a magnetic field. They do not retain magnetic properties when the external field is removed. Examples include bismuth, copper, lead, and silicon.

2. **Analyze the Given Options**:
- **Option A**: Aluminum, sodium, calcium, oxygen - These are paramagnetic substances.
- **Option B**: Bismuth, copper, lead, silicon - These are diamagnetic substances.
- **Option C**: Cobalt, nickel, gadolinium - These are ferromagnetic substances.
- **Option D**: Silver - This is also a paramagnetic substance.

3. **Identify the Correct Set**:
- From the analysis, the only option that contains diamagnetic substances is **Option B**: Bismuth, copper, lead, and silicon.

### Conclusion:
The correct set of diamagnetic substances is **Option B: Bismuth, Copper, Lead, and Silicon**.

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