In the following sequence of reaction, the final product (Z) is
`CH-=CH overset(Hg^(2+))underset(H_(2)SO_(4)) to X overset(CH_(3)MgX) underset(H_(2)O) to Y overset([O]) to Z`

Options

A. ethanal
B. propan - 2 - ol
C. propanone
D. propane - 1 - ol

Explanation

To determine the final product (Z) in the given sequence of reactions, we will analyze each step carefully.

### Step 1: Reaction of Acetylene with Hg²⁺ and H₂SO₄
- **Starting Material**: Acetylene (ethyne), which has the formula C₂H₂.
- **Reagents**: Mercury(II) ions (Hg²⁺) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
- **Reaction**: The reaction of acetylene with Hg²⁺ and H₂SO₄ leads to the formation of acetaldehyde (ethanal), which is the first product (X).

**Chemical Equation**:
\[ \text{C}_2\text{H}_2 + \text{Hg}^{2+} + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{CHO} \quad (X) \]

### Step 2: Reaction of Acetaldehyde with Methyl Magnesium Halide
- **Intermediate Product**: Acetaldehyde (X) is now reacted with methyl magnesium halide (CH₃MgX) in the presence of water (H₂O).
- **Reaction**: This reaction is a Grignard reaction, where the Grignard reagent adds to the carbonyl group of acetaldehyde to form a secondary alcohol (Y).

**Chemical Equation**:
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CHO} + \text{CH}_3\text{MgX} \xrightarrow{\text{H}_2\text{O}} \text{CH}_3\text{CH(OH)CH}_3 \quad (Y) \]

### Step 3: Oxidation of the Secondary Alcohol
- **Intermediate Product**: The secondary alcohol (Y) is then subjected to oxidation.
- **Reaction**: Oxidation of the secondary alcohol leads to the formation of a ketone (Z).

**Chemical Equation**:
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH(OH)CH}_3 \xrightarrow{[O]} \text{CH}_3\text{COCH}_3 \quad (Z) \]

### Final Product (Z)
- The final product (Z) formed after the oxidation of the secondary alcohol is acetone, also known as propanone.

### Summary of the Reactions:
1. Acetylene reacts with Hg²⁺ and H₂SO₄ to form acetaldehyde (X).
2. Acetaldehyde reacts with methyl magnesium halide to form a secondary alcohol (Y).
3. The secondary alcohol is oxidized to form acetone (Z).

### Final Answer:
The final product (Z) is **acetone (propanone)**.

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