Which is the correct method of synthesising acetamide from acetone?

Options

A. `CH_(3)COCH_(3) overset(Pd//BaSO_(4)) to CH_(3)CHO overset(NH_(3)) to CH_(3)CH_(2)NH_(2) overset(H_(2)O) to CH_(3)CONH_(2)`
B. `CH_(3)COCH_(3) overset(I_(2))underset(NaOH) to CH_(3)COONaoverset(H^(+)) underset(NH_(3)) to CH_(3)COONH_(4) overset(Delta) to CH_(3)CONH_(2)`
C. `CH_(3)COCH_(3) overset(CrO_(3)) to CH_(3)COOH overset(NH_(3)) to CH_(3)CONH_(2)`
D. `CH_(3)CONH_(3) overset(I_(2)) underset(NaOH) to CH_(3)COOH overset(HCl) to CH_(3)COCl overset(NH_(3)) to CH_(3)CONH_(2)`

Answer

To synthesize acetamide from acetone, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Reactants
We start with acetone, which has the chemical formula CH₃COCH₃. Acetone is a ketone, and we will be converting it into acetamide (CH₃CONH₂).

### Step 2: React Acetone with Sodium Hypoiodite
The first step involves the reaction of acetone with sodium hypoiodite (NaOI) in the presence of dilute sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This reaction leads to the formation of sodium acetate (CH₃COONa).

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{COCH}_3 + \text{NaOI} \xrightarrow{\text{NaOH}} \text{CH}_3\text{COONa} \]

### Step 3: React Sodium Acetate with Ammonia
Next, sodium acetate reacts with ammonia (NH₃) to form an ammonium salt, specifically ammonium acetate (CH₃COONH₄).

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{COONa} + \text{NH}_3 \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{COONH}_4 \]

### Step 4: Heat the Ammonium Salt
The ammonium acetate is then heated to produce acetamide and water. This step is crucial as heating facilitates the conversion of the ammonium salt to acetamide.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{COONH}_4 \xrightarrow{\text{heat}} \text{CH}_3\text{CONH}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

### Conclusion
After following these steps, we successfully synthesize acetamide from acetone. The correct method is represented by option B, which involves the use of sodium hypoiodite and ammonia.

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