Which of the following statements are false / true
(A) Calcitonin regulates the metabolism of calcium
(B) Oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine muscles during birth
(C ) Grave's disease is caused by malfunctioning of adrenal gland
(D) ADH stimulates absorption of water and increase the urine production

Options

A. A, B and C are true, D only false
B. A only true, B, C and D are false
C. A and D are false, B and C are true
D. A and B are true, C and D are false

Answer

To determine which of the statements are true or false, we will analyze each statement one by one:

**Step 1: Analyze Statement (A)**
- Statement: "Calcitonin regulates the metabolism of calcium."
- Explanation: Calcitonin is a hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the blood by lowering them, especially during hypercalcemia (high calcium levels). It does this by acting on the gut, kidneys, and bones to decrease calcium levels.
- Conclusion: This statement is **True**.

**Step 2: Analyze Statement (B)**
- Statement: "Oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine muscles during birth."
- Explanation: Oxytocin is a hormone produced by the posterior pituitary gland. It is well-known for its role in stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth, facilitating parturition.
- Conclusion: This statement is **True**.

**Step 3: Analyze Statement (C)**
- Statement: "Grave's disease is caused by malfunctioning of adrenal gland."
- Explanation: Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to hyperthyroidism, which is caused by the malfunctioning of the thyroid gland, not the adrenal gland.
- Conclusion: This statement is **False**.

**Step 4: Analyze Statement (D)**
- Statement: "ADH stimulates absorption of water and increases urine production."
- Explanation: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. It promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, which decreases urine production, not increases it.
- Conclusion: This statement is **False**.

**Final Summary:**
- Statement (A): True
- Statement (B): True
- Statement (C): False
- Statement (D): False

Thus, the true statements are (A) and (B), while the false statements are (C) and (D).