Nif-genes are associated with

Options

A. nitrification
B. nitrogen fixation
C. ammonification
D. deammination

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding NIF Genes:**
- NIF genes are specific genes that play a crucial role in the process of nitrogen fixation.

2. **Defining Nitrogen Fixation:**
- Nitrogen fixation is the biochemical process that converts atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia (NH3), which can be utilized by plants.

3. **Sources of NIF Genes:**
- NIF genes can be found in various types of bacteria:
- **Free-living bacteria:** These bacteria can fix nitrogen independently in the soil.
- **Symbiotic bacteria:** These bacteria form a symbiotic relationship with certain plants, particularly legumes.

4. **Examples of Symbiotic Bacteria:**
- A well-known example of symbiotic bacteria that contain NIF genes is **Rhizobium**, which resides in the root nodules of leguminous plants (like peas, beans, and clover).

5. **Conclusion:**
- Therefore, NIF genes are primarily associated with the process of nitrogen fixation in both free-living and symbiotic bacteria, particularly in relation to plants.

**Final Answer:**
NIF genes are associated with nitrogen fixation.

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