Name and explain the phenomenon that has resulted in the evolution of such diverse species in the region.

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Identify the Phenomenon**: The phenomenon that has resulted in the evolution of diverse species in a particular region is known as **adaptive radiation**.

2. **Define Adaptive Radiation**: Adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a wide variety of forms to adapt to different environments. This typically occurs when a species colonizes a new habitat with various ecological niches.

3. **Explain the Process**:
- **Ancestral Species**: The process begins with a common ancestral species. For example, consider the black duckbill platypus as an ancestral species.
...