Write briefly about the two processes leading to the formation of new species.

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Introduction to Speciation**: Speciation is the process through which new species arise. There are two primary processes that lead to the formation of new species: natural selection and gene flow (or genetic drift).

2. **Natural Selection**:
- **Definition**: Natural selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
- **Mechanism**: According to Charles Darwin, this involves a "struggle for existence" where individuals compete for resources. Those with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the gradual evolution of new species over time.

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