How do mycorrhizal fungi help the plants harbouring them?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Mycorrhizal Fungi**: Mycorrhizal fungi are a type of fungi that form a symbiotic association with the roots of higher plants, particularly gymnosperms. This relationship is beneficial for both organisms involved.

2. **Symbiotic Relationship**: In this association, the mycorrhizal fungi receive shelter and nutrients from the plant. Since plants are photosynthetic, they produce food (glucose) through the process of photosynthesis, which the fungi utilize.

3. **Increased Surface Area**: The presence of mycorrhizal fungi increases the surface area of the plant's root system. This enhanced surface area allows for more efficient absorption of water and essential minerals from the soil.

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