Which one of the following statements is incorrect about menstruation?

Options

A. At menopause in the female, there is especially abrupt increase in gonadotropic hormones.
B. The beginning of the cycle of menstruation is called menarche.
C. During normal menstruation, about 40 mL. blood is lost.
D. The menstrual fluid can easily clot.

Answer

To determine which statement about menstruation is incorrect, let's analyze each provided statement step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Menstruation**: Menstruation is a monthly cycle that occurs in females, primarily in primates, and typically lasts about 28 days. It involves the preparation of the female body for potential pregnancy.

2. **Menopause and Gonadotropic Hormones**: At menopause, which usually occurs between the ages of 45 to 50, there is a significant decline in the number of Graafian follicles, which produce oocytes (eggs). This leads to a decrease in ovarian hormones like estrogen.

3. **Hormonal Changes at Menopause**: Due to the low levels of estrogen from the reduced number of Graafian follicles, there is a decrease in negative feedback on the pituitary gland. This results in an increase in gonadotropic hormones (LH and FSH) because the pituitary is no longer inhibited by estrogen. Therefore, the statement about an abrupt increase in gonadotropic hormones at menopause is **true**.

4. **Menarche**: The onset of menstruation during puberty is referred to as menarche. This statement is also **true**.

5. **Blood Loss During Menstruation**: During a normal menstrual cycle, females typically lose about 40 to 60 ml of blood. This statement is **true**.

6. **Clotting of Menstrual Fluid**: The statement that menstrual fluid can easily clot is **incorrect**. Menstrual fluid contains anticoagulants that prevent clotting, allowing the fluid to flow freely.

### Conclusion:
The incorrect statement about menstruation is that menstrual fluid can easily clot.

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