Transgenic plants are

Options

A. Produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium
B. Generated by introducing foreign DNA in a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell
C. Produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium
D. Grown in artificial medium after hybridisation in the field

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Transgenic Plants**: Transgenic plants are those that have been genetically modified by introducing foreign DNA into their genome. This process allows the plants to express new traits that are not naturally found in them.

2. **Purpose of Creating Transgenic Plants**: The main reasons for creating transgenic plants include enhancing disease resistance, improving yield, and introducing beneficial traits such as pest resistance or herbicide tolerance.

3. **Process of Producing Transgenic Plants**: The production of transgenic plants involves several steps:
- **Introduction of Foreign DNA**: This is done by various methods such as Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, biolistics (gene gun), or electroporation.
- **Regeneration of Plant**: After the foreign DNA is introduced into the plant cell, the next step is to regenerate a whole plant from that modified cell. This is typically done in a controlled environment using artificial media that provide the necessary nutrients and hormones for plant growth.

4. **Analyzing the Options**: Given the options:
- Option 1: Produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium.
- Option 2: Generated by introducing foreign DNA in a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.
- Option 3: Produced after protoplasm fusion in an artificial medium.
- Option 4: Grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field.

The correct option is **Option 2**, as it accurately describes the process of creating transgenic plants by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and then regenerating a whole plant from that modified cell.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, transgenic plants are specifically produced by the introduction of foreign DNA into a cell followed by the regeneration of a plant from that cell.

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