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Carbocations are planar species....

Carbocations are planar species.

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**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding Carbocations:** - A carbocation is a positively charged carbon atom that has only six electrons in its valence shell, making it electron-deficient. 2. **Hybridization of Carbocations:** - Carbocations typically undergo sp² hybridization. This means that one s orbital and two p orbitals from the carbon atom mix to form three equivalent sp² hybrid orbitals. ...
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Assertion : Carbocation are planar in nature. Reason : Carbocations are sp^(2) hybridised.

Reaction intermdiates are short lived species and are highly reactive. They are formed by heterolytic and homolytic bond fission. There are various types of reaction intermediates in which the most important are carbocation , carbanion and free radical. Carbocation is an organic species in which carbon have positive charge and six electrons in its outermost shell. The stability of carbocation can be increased by positive inductive effect, hyperconjugation and delocalisation. If alpha -atom with respect to carbocation has one or more lone pair of electron then lone pair of electron strongly stabilises the carbocation due to octet completion. Species in which carbon have negative charge is called carbanion. Carbanion carries three bond pairs and one lone pair. The stability of carbanion can be increased by negative inductive effect, negative mesomeric effect and delocalisation. Free radical is a species which have seven electrons in its outermost shell. The stability of free radical can be increased by hyperconjugation and delocalisation. The stability order of following carbocations is

Which of the following in the rearranged in the rearranged more stable carbocation of the given species?

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How many more stable carbocations are possible after rearrangement in the following carbocation.

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Whenever an intermediate carbocation is formed in reaction it may rearranges. Only those carbocation will rearrange which can produce more stable species . It can be done either by : (i) Shifting of H, alkyl , aryl, bond (1,2-shifting ) (ii) Ring expansion (iii) Ring contraction Most stable rearranged carbocation is is

A tertiary butyl carbocation is more stable than isopropyl carbocation. Justify.

Assertion: - 3^@ carbocations are more stable than 1^@ and 2^@ carbocations. Reason :- The+I effect of alkyl groups decreases the magnitude of positive charge to the maximum possible extent in a 3^@ carbocation

ICSE-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY : SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES -TRUE OR FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS
  1. In Duma's method, nitrogen is estimated as NH3.

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  2. Schiff's nitrometer used in Duma's method contains a KOH solution over...

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  3. Why does vanadium pentoxide acts as a catalyst?

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  4. One gram equivalent of a weak acid is unable to completely neutralise ...

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  5. Phosphorus is estimated as Mg3(PO4)2 in an organic compound. Yes/No?

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  6. Victor Meyer's method for determination of molecular mass is applicabl...

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  7. How is the molecular formula of a compound related to its empirical fo...

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  8. Chloroplatinate salts are very stable and do not decompose on heating.

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  9. C6 H5-group causes - l-effect when present in a saturated chain of car...

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  10. 1^@ alkyl groups cause greater + l-effect as compared to 2^@ alkyl g...

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  11. Electromeric effect is a .......... effect and involves transfer of .....

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  12. Mesomeric effect is a temporary effect. True or False.

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  13. Mesomeric effect involves delocalisation of pi-electrons of all the do...

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  14. Hyperconjugation effect comes into existence when a C-H bond is presen...

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  15. The central carbon in a free radical is sp^3 hybridised.

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  16. Carbocations are planar species.

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  17. The reactivity of carbanions follows the order 3^@ gt 2^@ gt 1^@ ...

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  18. What is the state of hybridisation of the central carbon in a carbocat...

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  19. Electrophiles are Lewis acids.

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  20. Explain why does a S(N^2) reaction involve an inversion in configurati...

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