Segments of DNA which can move in genome :

Options

A. Transposons
B. Introns
C. Exons
D. Cistrons

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question:**
The question asks about segments of DNA that can move within the genome. This involves identifying specific types of DNA segments that have the ability to relocate.

2. **Identifying the Correct Term:**
The segments of DNA that can move within a genome are known as **transposons**. They are also commonly referred to as **jumping genes** because of their ability to "jump" from one location to another within the genome.

3. **Historical Context:**
Transposons were discovered by the scientist **Barbara McClintock** in the 1940s. Her research provided significant insights into the nature of these mobile genetic elements.

4. **Differentiating Other Terms:**
- **Introns**: These are non-coding segments of DNA found within genes that are removed during RNA processing and do not appear in mature mRNA.
- **Exons**: These are coding segments of DNA that are expressed in the final mRNA after introns are removed.
- **Cistron**: This term refers to a functional unit of a gene that codes for a polypeptide, but it does not imply mobility within the genome.

5. **Conclusion:**
The correct answer to the question is that the segments of DNA which can move in the genome are called **transposons**.

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