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Let n be a positive integer with f(n) = ...

Let `n` be a positive integer with `f(n) = 1! + 2! + 3!+.........+n! and p(x),Q(x)` be polynomial in `x` such that `f(n+2)=P(n)f(n+1)+Q(n)f(n)` for all `n >= ,` Then

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To solve the problem, we need to analyze the given function \( f(n) \) and the relationship defined by the polynomials \( P(n) \) and \( Q(n) \). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Define the function \( f(n) \)**: \[ f(n) = 1! + 2! + 3! + \ldots + n! \] 2. **Express \( f(n+1) \) and \( f(n+2) \)**: \[ f(n+1) = 1! + 2! + 3! + \ldots + (n+1)! = f(n) + (n+1)! \] \[ f(n+2) = 1! + 2! + 3! + \ldots + (n+2)! = f(n+1) + (n+2)! = f(n) + (n+1)! + (n+2)! \] 3. **Substitute into the given relationship**: The relationship given is: \[ f(n+2) = P(n)f(n+1) + Q(n)f(n) \] Substituting the expressions for \( f(n+1) \) and \( f(n+2) \): \[ f(n) + (n+1)! + (n+2)! = P(n)(f(n) + (n+1)!) + Q(n)f(n) \] 4. **Expand the right-hand side**: \[ f(n) + (n+1)! + (n+2)! = P(n)f(n) + P(n)(n+1)! + Q(n)f(n) \] Combine like terms: \[ f(n) + (n+1)! + (n+2)! = (P(n) + Q(n))f(n) + P(n)(n+1)! \] 5. **Equate coefficients**: For the coefficients of \( f(n) \): \[ 1 = P(n) + Q(n) \] For the coefficients of \( (n+1)! \): \[ 1 = P(n) \] Thus, substituting \( P(n) = 1 \) into the first equation: \[ 1 = 1 + Q(n) \implies Q(n) = 0 \] 6. **Final result**: Therefore, we conclude: \[ P(n) = 1 \quad \text{and} \quad Q(n) = 0 \] ### Summary: The polynomials are: \[ P(n) = 1, \quad Q(n) = 0 \]
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