The cranial nerves in humans that send parasympathetic stimulation to, among other organs, the heart, stomach, and liver are :

Options

A. vagus nerves
B. abducens nerves
C. trigeminal nerves
D. glossopharyngeal nerves

Explanation

To answer the question regarding which cranial nerves in humans send parasympathetic stimulation to the heart, stomach, and liver, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Role of the Parasympathetic Nervous System**:
- The parasympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary bodily functions. It is often referred to as the "rest and digest" system, as it promotes relaxation and digestion.

2. **Identify the Functions of the Parasympathetic Nervous System**:
- It decreases heart rate, reduces respiration rate, and enhances digestive processes. This is crucial for understanding which nerves are involved in these functions.

3. **Know the Cranial Nerves**:
- There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves in humans. Among them, certain nerves are responsible for parasympathetic functions.

4. **Focus on the Relevant Cranial Nerves**:
- The vagus nerve (Cranial Nerve X) is the primary cranial nerve that provides parasympathetic innervation to various organs, including the heart, stomach, and liver.

5. **Eliminate Other Options**:
- The other options provided (abducens nerve, trigeminal nerve, and glossopharyngeal nerve) do not primarily serve parasympathetic functions related to the heart, stomach, and liver.

6. **Conclude**:
- Based on the understanding of the functions of the cranial nerves and their roles in the parasympathetic nervous system, the correct answer is the vagus nerve.

### Final Answer:
The cranial nerve in humans that sends parasympathetic stimulation to the heart, stomach, and liver is the **vagus nerve**.

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