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You are seated in a large jet that is re...

You are seated in a large jet that is ready for takeoff. As the jet quickly accelerates along the runway, you are thrust backward against your seat. What is occurring in your inner ear?

A

Hair cells in the cochlea are responding to dynamic equilibrium

B

Cristae of each semicircular duct are responding to changes in dynamic equilibrium

C

Hair cells on the macula are responding to changes in static equilibrium

D

Nothing occurs because you are moving forward

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Scenario**: When the jet accelerates quickly, you feel a force pushing you backward against your seat. This sensation is due to the rapid change in speed and direction. 2. **Role of the Inner Ear**: The inner ear contains the vestibular system, which is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. It consists of structures that detect changes in motion and position. 3. **Components of the Vestibular System**: The vestibular system includes: - **Semicircular Canals**: These structures detect rotational movements of the head. - **Otolith Organs (Utricle and Saccule)**: These structures detect linear accelerations and the position of the head relative to gravity. 4. **Response to Acceleration**: As the jet accelerates, the fluid within the semicircular canals moves, stimulating sensory hair cells. This movement is interpreted by the brain as a change in dynamic equilibrium, indicating that the body is experiencing acceleration. 5. **Conclusion**: The sensation of being thrust backward is a result of the vestibular system responding to the rapid acceleration of the jet. Specifically, the sensory structures in the semicircular canals are activated, helping to maintain balance and orientation during this change in motion. ### Final Answer: The correct answer is that the **cristae of each semicircular duct are responding to the changes in dynamic equilibrium**. ---
### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Scenario**: When the jet accelerates quickly, you feel a force pushing you backward against your seat. This sensation is due to the rapid change in speed and direction. 2. **Role of the Inner Ear**: The inner ear contains the vestibular system, which is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. It consists of structures that detect changes in motion and position. 3. **Components of the Vestibular System**: The vestibular system includes: - **Semicircular Canals**: These structures detect rotational movements of the head. ...
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