The excretory organs of cockroach are

Options

A. kidneys
B. gills
C. hepatic caecae
D. malpighian tubules

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Question**: The question asks about the excretory organs of the cockroach.

2. **Understand the Options**: The options provided are:
- a) Kidneys
- b) Gills
- c) Hepatic caeca
- d) Malpighian tubules

3. **Evaluate Each Option**:
- **Option a: Kidneys**: Kidneys are advanced excretory organs found in mammals, but they are not present in cockroaches or other arthropods. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

- **Option b: Gills**: Gills are primarily respiratory organs that facilitate gas exchange in aquatic organisms. They do not play a role in excretion in cockroaches. Hence, this option is also incorrect.

- **Option c: Hepatic caeca**: Hepatic caeca are involved in digestion and absorption of nutrients, not in excretion. Therefore, this option is incorrect as well.

- **Option d: Malpighian tubules**: Malpighian tubules are the excretory organs in cockroaches. They are responsible for the removal of waste materials from the hemolymph (the blood equivalent in insects) and play a crucial role in osmoregulation.

4. **Conclusion**: After evaluating all the options, the correct answer is option d) Malpighian tubules, as they are the excretory organs of cockroaches.

**Final Answer**: The excretory organs of cockroach are Malpighian tubules.

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