Experimental proof that organic compounds formed the basis of evolution was given by

Options

A. Oparin
B. Pasteur
C. Miller and Urey
D. Spallanzani

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the experimental proof that organic compounds formed the basis of evolution.

2. **Identifying Key Contributors**: The theory of chemical evolution was proposed by two scientists: Alexander Oparin from Russia and J.B.S. Haldane from England. They suggested that life originated from pre-existing non-living organic molecules.

3. **Defining Chemical Evolution**: Chemical evolution refers to the process by which simple inorganic compounds evolved into complex organic molecules, eventually leading to the formation of life.

4. **Experimental Proof**: While Oparin and Haldane proposed the theory, they did not provide experimental evidence. The experimental proof was provided by Stanley Miller and Harold Urey.

5. **Miller-Urey Experiment**: In their experiment, Miller and Urey created conditions similar to those of early Earth. They mixed water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen in a specific ratio and subjected this mixture to electric sparks to simulate lightning.

6. **Results of the Experiment**: After running the experiment for 18 days, Miller and Urey found that simple organic compounds, such as amino acids (alanine, glycine, and aspartic acid), were formed. This provided evidence that organic compounds could arise from inorganic precursors.

7. **Conclusion**: The correct answer to the question is that the experimental proof that organic compounds formed the basis of evolution was given by Miller and Urey.

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