What is the oxidation numbr of iodine in each of the following compounds: `IF_(7), IF_(5),KI,I_(2), ICl,HIO_(4)`?

Explanation

To find the oxidation number of iodine in each of the given compounds, we will apply the rules for determining oxidation states. Let's go through each compound step by step.

### Step 1: Determine the oxidation number of iodine in IF₇
1. Let the oxidation number of iodine be \( X \).
2. The oxidation number of fluorine (F) is always \(-1\).
3. Since there are 7 fluorine atoms, the total contribution from fluorine is \( 7 \times (-1) = -7 \).
4. The compound is neutral, so the sum of oxidation numbers must equal 0:
\[ X + (-7) = 0 \]
5. Solving for \( X \):
\[ X = +7 \]

### Step 2: Determine the oxidation number of iodine in IF₅
1. Let the oxidation number of iodine be \( X \).
2. The oxidation number of fluorine is \(-1\).
3. There are 5 fluorine atoms, contributing \( 5 \times (-1) = -5 \).
4. The compound is neutral:
\[ X + (-5) = 0 \]
5. Solving for \( X \):
\[ X = +5 \]

### Step 3: Determine the oxidation number of iodine in KI
1. Let the oxidation number of iodine be \( X \).
2. The oxidation number of potassium (K) is \( +1 \).
3. The compound is neutral:
\[ +1 + X = 0 \]
4. Solving for \( X \):
\[ X = -1 \]

### Step 4: Determine the oxidation number of iodine in I₂
1. Let the oxidation number of iodine be \( X \).
2. As this is a diatomic molecule, the total oxidation number must equal 0:
\[ 2X = 0 \]
3. Solving for \( X \):
\[ X = 0 \]

### Step 5: Determine the oxidation number of iodine in ICl
1. Let the oxidation number of iodine be \( X \).
2. The oxidation number of chlorine (Cl) is \(-1\).
3. The compound is neutral:
\[ X + (-1) = 0 \]
4. Solving for \( X \):
\[ X = +1 \]

### Step 6: Determine the oxidation number of iodine in HIO₄
1. Let the oxidation number of iodine be \( X \).
2. The oxidation number of hydrogen (H) is \( +1 \) and oxygen (O) is \(-2\).
3. There are 4 oxygen atoms, contributing \( 4 \times (-2) = -8 \).
4. The compound is neutral:
\[ +1 + X + (-8) = 0 \]
5. Simplifying gives:
\[ X - 7 = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad X = +7 \]

### Summary of Oxidation Numbers
- **IF₇**: +7
- **IF₅**: +5
- **KI**: -1
- **I₂**: 0
- **ICl**: +1
- **HIO₄**: +7