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In which reaction(s), DeltaS in negative...

In which reaction(s), `DeltaS` in negative?

A

`H_(2)O(l)rarr H_(2)O(s)`

B

`3O_(2)(g)rarr 2O_(3)(g)`

C

`H_(2)O(l)rarrH_(2)O(g)`

D

`N_(2)(g)+3H_(2)(g)rarr2NH_(3)(g)`

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To determine in which reactions the change in entropy (ΔS) is negative, we need to analyze the given reactions based on the states of matter involved (solid, liquid, gas) and the number of moles of reactants and products. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding ΔS**: - ΔS represents the change in entropy, which is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system. A negative ΔS indicates that the disorder of the system has decreased. 2. **Identify the States of Matter**: ...
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For a sponaneous reaction, the free energy change must be negative, Delta G=Delta H-T Delta S, Delta H is the enthalpy change during the reaction. T is the absolute temperature, and Delta S is the change in entropy during the reaction. Consider a reaction such as the formation of an oxide M+O_(2) to MO Dioxygen is used up in the course of this reaction. Gases have a more random structure (less ordered) than liquid or solids. Consequently gases have a higher entropy than liquids and solids. In this reaction S (entropy or randomness) decreases, hence Delta S is negative. Thus, if the temperature is raised then T Delta S becomes more negative,Since, TDelta S is substracted in the equation, then Delta G becomes less negative. Thus, the free energy change increases with the increase in temperature. The free energy changes that occur when one mole of common reactant (in this case dioxygen) is used may be plotted graphically aginst temperature for a number of reactions of metals to their oxides. The following plot is called an Ellingham diagram for metal oxide. Understanding of Ellingham diagram is extremely important for the efficient extraction of metals. Which of the following elements can be prepared by heating the oxide above 400^(@)C ?

CENGAGE CHEMISTRY ENGLISH-THERMODYNAMICS-Exercises (Multiple Correct)
  1. For the adiabatic expansion of an ideal as

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  2. In which of the following entropy increases?

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  3. Which of the following are irreversible processes

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  4. Which of the options give below are correct?

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  5. Which of the following are thermodynamically stable?

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  6. Which of the following affect the heat of reaction?

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  7. Which of the following type of energies are involved in Born Haber's c...

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  8. Which of the following are true about resonance enegry?

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  9. Hess' law is applicable for determination of enthalpy of

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  10. Indicate in which case/cases the spontaneity of a change is favoured w...

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  11. Endothermic reactions, having DeltaS = +ve masy be spontaneous if

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  12. If DeltaH is the enthalpy change and DeltaU the change in internal ene...

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  13. An isolated system is that system in which

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  14. In a reaction, DeltaH and DeltaS both are more than zero. In which of ...

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  15. State the first law of thermodynamics.

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  16. In which reaction(s), DeltaS in negative?

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  17. The heat evolved in the combustion of benzene is given by C(6)H(6) (...

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  18. The heat of neutralization for a strong acid by a strong base is a con...

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  19. The enthalpy change for the process C("graphite") rarr C(g)is called

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  20. Enthalpy change equal internal energy change when

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