Diamond

Options

A. A covalent solid
B. A non-conductor
C. A lubricant
D. `sp^(3)` hybridized

Explanation

To analyze the properties of diamond, we can break down the information into a step-by-step solution.

### Step 1: Identify the Structure of Diamond
Diamond has a giant molecular structure where each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms. This arrangement forms a three-dimensional tetrahedral lattice.

**Hint:** Remember that the bonding in diamond is strong due to the covalent nature of the bonds.

### Step 2: Determine the Type of Solid
Since diamond consists of a network of covalent bonds, it is classified as a covalent solid. This means that the entire structure is held together by strong covalent bonds.

**Hint:** Think about how the strength of the bonds affects the classification of the solid.

### Step 3: Analyze Electrical Conductivity
Diamond does not conduct electricity because it lacks free mobile electrons. All the valence electrons are involved in bonding, leaving no free electrons to carry an electric charge.

**Hint:** Consider the role of free electrons in electrical conductivity.

### Step 4: Examine Hybridization
In diamond, each carbon atom undergoes sp³ hybridization. This means that one s orbital and three p orbitals combine to form four equivalent sp³ hybrid orbitals, which are used to form the tetrahedral bonds with other carbon atoms.

**Hint:** Recall the concept of hybridization and how it relates to the geometry of the molecule.

### Step 5: Assess the Lubricant Property
Diamond is not a lubricant. In fact, it is the hardest known natural material. While graphite, another form of carbon, is a good lubricant due to its layered structure, diamond's hardness prevents it from acting as a lubricant.

**Hint:** Think about the properties of materials that make them suitable as lubricants.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- Diamond is a covalent solid (Correct).
- Diamond is a non-conductor of electricity (Correct).
- Diamond is sp³ hybridized (Correct).
- Diamond is not a lubricant (Incorrect).

### Final Answer
The correct options are:
1. Diamond is a covalent solid (True).
2. Diamond is a non-conductor (True).
3. Diamond is sp³ hybridized (True).
4. Diamond is a lubricant (False).

Thus, the correct statements about diamond are options 1, 2, and 4.