When passing through a magnetic field the largest degflection is experienced by

Options

A. `alpha`-rays
B. `beta`-rays
C. `gamma`-rays
D. All equal

Answer

To solve the question "When passing through a magnetic field the largest deflection is experienced by," we need to analyze the behavior of different types of particles (alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays) in a magnetic field.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Types of Particles**:
- The three types of particles we need to consider are alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays.

2. **Understand the Charge and Mass of Each Particle**:
- **Alpha Particles**:
- Charge: +2 (two units of positive charge)
- Mass: 4 (mass is relatively large)
- **Beta Particles**:
- Charge: -1 (one unit of negative charge)
- Mass: Negligible (very small mass)
- **Gamma Rays**:
- Charge: 0 (no charge)
- Mass: Negligible (mass is also negligible)

3. **Calculate the Charge-to-Mass Ratio**:
- The charge-to-mass ratio is crucial for determining deflection in a magnetic field.
- **Alpha Particles**: Charge-to-mass ratio = \( \frac{+2}{4} = 0.5 \)
- **Beta Particles**: Charge-to-mass ratio = \( \frac{-1}{\text{negligible}} \) → This ratio is very high since the mass is negligible.
- **Gamma Rays**: Charge-to-mass ratio = \( \frac{0}{\text{negligible}} = 0 \)

4. **Determine the Deflection**:
- The larger the charge-to-mass ratio, the greater the deflection in a magnetic field.
- Since beta particles have a much higher charge-to-mass ratio compared to alpha particles and gamma rays, they will experience the largest deflection.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the particle that experiences the largest deflection when passing through a magnetic field is **beta rays**.

### Final Answer:
Beta rays experience the largest deflection when passing through a magnetic field.

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