Which of the following process uses water gas shift reaction?

Options

A. Merck's process
B. Lane's process
C. Permutit process
D. Bosch's process

Answer

To determine which process uses the water gas shift reaction, we first need to understand what the water gas shift reaction is and how it is applied in industrial processes.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Water Gas Shift Reaction**:
- The water gas shift reaction occurs when carbon (in the form of coke) reacts with steam (water vapor) to produce carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen gas (H2). The reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{C} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO} + \text{H}_2 \]
- This reaction is important in the production of hydrogen.

2. **Identifying the Bosch Process**:
- The Bosch process is a method for producing hydrogen gas. In this process, steam is passed over hot coke (carbon) at high temperatures (around 1000°C), which generates water gas (a mixture of CO and H2).
- The water gas is then treated with additional steam in the presence of catalysts like Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 at around 500°C, leading to the following reaction:
\[ \text{CO} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2 \]
- This is another instance of the water gas shift reaction, where carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

3. **Absorption and Purification Steps**:
- After the water gas shift reaction, the gaseous mixture containing CO2 and H2 is passed through water at high pressure (25 ATM) to absorb CO2, forming carbonic acid.
- The remaining gas mixture, which contains hydrogen and any unabsorbed carbon monoxide, is then treated with ammoniacal cuprous chloride to absorb carbon monoxide.
- Finally, any remaining carbon monoxide is converted to methane using nickel, resulting in the production of pure hydrogen.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The water gas shift reaction is integral to the Bosch process for hydrogen production. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that the Bosch process uses the water gas shift reaction.

### Final Answer:
The Bosch process uses the water gas shift reaction.