White phosphorus has.

Options

A. Six `P-P` single bonds
B. Four `P-P` single bonds
C. Four lone pairs of electrons
D. `P-P-P` angle of `60^@`.

Answer

To answer the question "White phosphorus has...", we need to analyze the properties and structure of white phosphorus (P4).

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Allotropic Form**:
White phosphorus is one of the allotropic forms of phosphorus. The common allotropes of phosphorus include white phosphorus, red phosphorus, and black phosphorus.

**Hint**: Remember that allotropes are different forms of the same element in the same physical state.

2. **Molecular Structure**:
White phosphorus exists as a tetrahedral molecule with the formula P4. This means that there are four phosphorus atoms arranged in a tetrahedral shape.

**Hint**: Visualize the tetrahedral shape; it helps in understanding the bonding and angles.

3. **Bonding**:
In the P4 molecule, each phosphorus atom is bonded to three other phosphorus atoms through single bonds. Therefore, there are a total of 6 P-P single bonds in the P4 molecule.

**Hint**: Count the bonds carefully; each bond connects two phosphorus atoms.

4. **Lone Pairs**:
Each phosphorus atom in white phosphorus has one lone pair of electrons. Since there are four phosphorus atoms, there are a total of 4 lone pairs of electrons in the P4 molecule.

**Hint**: Remember that phosphorus has five valence electrons; three are used for bonding, leaving one lone pair.

5. **Bond Angles**:
The bond angle between the P-P-P bonds in white phosphorus is approximately 60 degrees due to the tetrahedral arrangement of the atoms.

**Hint**: Tetrahedral geometry typically leads to angles of about 109.5 degrees, but the strain in the P4 structure causes the angle to be reduced to about 60 degrees.

### Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, the correct statements about white phosphorus are:
- It has 6 P-P single bonds.
- It has 4 lone pairs of electrons.
- The P-P-P bond angle is approximately 60 degrees.

### Final Answer:
White phosphorus has:
1. 6 P-P single bonds.
2. 4 lone pairs of electrons.
3. P-P-P bond angle of approximately 60 degrees.

### Summary of Correct Options:
- 6 P-P single bonds: Correct
- 4 P-P single bonds: Incorrect
- 4 lone pairs of electrons: Correct
- P-P-P bond angle of 60 degrees: Correct