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The decreasing order of - I effect of th...

The decreasing order of `- I` effect of the orbitals is :
(I) `sp`
(II) `sp^2`
(III) `sp^3`.

A

`I gt II gt III`

B

`III gt II gt I`

C

`I gt III gt II`

D

`II gt III gt I`

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The correct Answer is:
To determine the decreasing order of the -I (negative inductive) effect of the orbitals sp, sp², and sp³, we need to understand the relationship between the s-character of these orbitals and their ability to withdraw electrons. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Inductive Effect**: - The -I effect refers to the electron-withdrawing ability of atoms or groups. It is influenced by the hybridization of the orbitals involved. - More s-character in an orbital means a stronger ability to withdraw electrons. 2. **Identifying the s-Character of Each Orbital**: - **sp Hybridization**: Contains 50% s-character and 50% p-character. - **sp² Hybridization**: Contains 33.33% s-character and 66.67% p-character. - **sp³ Hybridization**: Contains 25% s-character and 75% p-character. 3. **Comparing the s-Character**: - Since sp has the highest s-character (50%), it will have the strongest -I effect. - Next is sp² with 33.33% s-character, which will have a moderate -I effect. - Finally, sp³ has the least s-character (25%) and thus the weakest -I effect. 4. **Arranging in Decreasing Order**: - Based on the s-character, the decreasing order of the -I effect is: - **sp > sp² > sp³** ### Final Answer: The decreasing order of -I effect of the orbitals is: **sp > sp² > sp³**

To determine the decreasing order of the -I (negative inductive) effect of the orbitals sp, sp², and sp³, we need to understand the relationship between the s-character of these orbitals and their ability to withdraw electrons. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Inductive Effect**: - The -I effect refers to the electron-withdrawing ability of atoms or groups. It is influenced by the hybridization of the orbitals involved. - More s-character in an orbital means a stronger ability to withdraw electrons. ...
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