A compound `(X)` with the molecular formula `C_6 H_10 O_4` is a neutral liquid. On heating `(X)`, under reflux with aqueous sodium hydroxide and distilling the product. A colourless liquid is obtained which on warming with iodine and aqueous sodium hydroxide gives a pale yellow precipatate `(Y)`. The residue in the distilling flask is the sodium salt of an acid `(Z)`, which decolourises aqueous acidified potassium permaganate `(VII)` on heating. Identify `(X), (Y)`, and `(Z)` and give all the reactions involved.

Explanation

To solve the problem, we will follow a systematic approach to identify the compounds \(X\), \(Y\), and \(Z\) based on the given information.

### Step 1: Determine the Degree of Unsaturation
The molecular formula of compound \(X\) is \(C_6H_{10}O_4\). We can calculate the degree of unsaturation using the formula:

\[ \text{Degree of Unsaturation} = \frac{2C + 2 - H}{2} \]
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