Centrifugal cytoinesis

Options

A. Occurs in animals
B. Occurs by cell furrowing
C. Occurs by cell plate formation
D. Is characteristic of bacteria and lower plants only

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Definition of Centrifugal Cytokinesis**:
Centrifugal cytokinesis is a type of cell division that occurs after karyokinesis (the division of the nucleus) where the cytoplasm divides. This process is characterized by the formation of a cell plate that develops from the center of the cell and expands outward towards the cell membrane.

2. **Occurrence of Centrifugal Cytokinesis**:
This type of cytokinesis is primarily observed in plant cells. In contrast to animal cells, which undergo cleavage furrow formation during cytokinesis, plant cells utilize a different mechanism involving the formation of a cell plate.

3. **Mechanism of Cell Plate Formation**:
During centrifugal cytokinesis, vesicles containing cell wall materials gather at the center of the cell. These vesicles fuse to form a cell plate, which then expands outward until it fuses with the existing cell membrane, thereby dividing the cell into two daughter cells.

4. **Evaluation of Options**:
- **Option A**: "Occurs in animals" - This is incorrect as centrifugal cytokinesis is specific to plant cells.
- **Option B**: "Occurs by cell furrowing" - This is also incorrect because cell furrowing is a characteristic of animal cells during cytokinesis.
- **Option C**: "Occurs by cell plate formation" - This is correct, as centrifugal cytokinesis involves the formation of a cell plate.
- **Option D**: "Characteristic of bacteria and lower plants only" - This is incorrect because it is primarily a characteristic of all plant cells, not bacteria.

5. **Conclusion**:
The correct answer is **Option C**, as centrifugal cytokinesis occurs by cell plate formation in plant cells.

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