Which of the following plants groups shows internal fertillsation only ?
(a) algae , (b) Bryophytes
(c ) Pteridophytes , (d) Fungi

Options

A. (b) & (c )
B. (a) & (b)
C. (c ) & (d)
D. (a) & (c )

Answer

To solve the question "Which of the following plant groups shows internal fertilization only?" we will analyze each option provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Fertilization**:
- Fertilization is the process where male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote. There are two types of fertilization:
- **External Fertilization**: Gametes fuse outside the organism's body.
- **Internal Fertilization**: Gametes fuse inside the organism's body.

2. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **(a) Algae**:
- Algae generally exhibit external fertilization. The gametes are released into the water where fertilization occurs.
- **(b) Bryophytes**:
- Bryophytes (like mosses and liverworts) typically show internal fertilization. The male gametes swim to the female gametes within the female reproductive structure, leading to fertilization inside the organism.
- **(c) Pteridophytes**:
- Pteridophytes (like ferns) also show internal fertilization. Similar to bryophytes, the male gametes swim to the female gametes within the reproductive structures.
- **(d) Fungi**:
- Fungi can exhibit both internal and external fertilization. Some fungi reproduce sexually with internal fertilization, while others reproduce externally.

3. **Conclusion**:
- From the analysis, we see that both bryophytes and pteridophytes exclusively show internal fertilization. Algae and fungi do not exclusively show internal fertilization as they can also reproduce externally.
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **(b) Bryophytes and (c) Pteridophytes**.

### Final Answer:
The groups that show internal fertilization only are **Bryophytes (b)** and **Pteridophytes (c)**.