Unsaturated fats are made saturated by

Options

A. Polymerisation
B. Dehydrogenation
C. hybridisation
D. Hydrogenation

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Unsaturated and Saturated Fats:**
- Unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains. This structure makes them liquid at room temperature.
- Saturated fats, on the other hand, have no double bonds; all carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen atoms. This structure makes them solid at room temperature.

2. **Examples of Unsaturated and Saturated Fats:**
- Unsaturated fats are typically derived from plant sources, such as olive oil, sunflower oil, and soybean oil.
- Saturated fats are usually derived from animal sources, such as butter and ghee.

3. **Chemical Reaction Involved:**
- To convert unsaturated fats into saturated fats, a chemical reaction known as hydrogenation is used.
- In this process, hydrogen gas is added to the unsaturated fat, which breaks the double bonds and converts them into single bonds, effectively saturating the fatty acid.

4. **Conclusion:**
- The correct answer to the question is that unsaturated fats are made saturated through the process of hydrogenation.

**Final Answer:**
Unsaturated fats are made saturated by hydrogenation.

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