Study the reaction given below
`CO_(2)+H_(2)O underset("EnZyme")hArr H_(2)CO_(3)`
In absence of any enzyme this reaction is very slow, with 200 molecules of `H_(2)CO_(3)` being formed in an hour. In presence of enzyme the reaction speeds up dramatically with about 6000,000 molecules formed every second. Name the enzyme which has accelerated up the reaction by 10 million times.

Options

A. Ribozyme
B. Carbonic anhydrase
C. Catalase
D. Peroxidase

Answer

To solve the question regarding the enzyme that accelerates the reaction between carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) to form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reaction**: The reaction given is:
\[ \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \xrightleftharpoons[\text{Enzyme}]{\text{Slow}} \text{H}_2\text{CO}_3 \]
This indicates that carbon dioxide and water react to form carbonic acid, and the presence of an enzyme significantly speeds up this reaction.

2. **Analyze the Rate of Reaction**:
- In the absence of the enzyme, the formation of carbonic acid is very slow, with only 200 molecules produced in one hour.
- In the presence of the enzyme, the reaction rate increases dramatically, resulting in about 6,000,000 molecules formed every second.

3. **Calculate the Acceleration Factor**:
- The increase in reaction rate can be calculated as follows:
\[ \text{Acceleration Factor} = \frac{\text{Molecules formed with enzyme}}{\text{Molecules formed without enzyme}} \]
\[ \text{Acceleration Factor} = \frac{6,000,000 \text{ molecules/second}}{200 \text{ molecules/hour}} \]
Since there are 3600 seconds in an hour, we convert the units:
\[ 200 \text{ molecules/hour} = \frac{200}{3600} \text{ molecules/second} \approx 0.0556 \text{ molecules/second} \]
Now calculating the acceleration factor:
\[ \text{Acceleration Factor} \approx \frac{6,000,000}{0.0556} \approx 108,000,000 \]
This indicates that the enzyme accelerates the reaction by approximately 10 million times.

4. **Identify the Enzyme**:
- The question asks for the specific enzyme responsible for this acceleration. The options provided are:
- Ribozyme
- Carbonic anhydrase
- Catalase
- Peroxidase
- Among these, the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of CO₂ and H₂O to form H₂CO₃ is **carbonic anhydrase**.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the enzyme that has accelerated the reaction by 10 million times is **carbonic anhydrase**.

### Final Answer:
The enzyme that has accelerated the reaction is **carbonic anhydrase**.