Which has maximum number of lone pair of electrons present on central atom i.e., xenon?

Options

A. `XeF_(4)`
B. `XeO_(2)F_(2)`
C. `XeF_(2)`
D. `XeOF_(4)`

Answer

To determine which xenon compound has the maximum number of lone pairs of electrons on the central atom (xenon), we will analyze the valence electron configuration of xenon and the bonding in various xenon compounds.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Valence Electrons of Xenon:**
- Xenon (Xe) has an atomic number of 54. Its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6.
- As a noble gas, xenon has 8 valence electrons (2 from 5s and 6 from 5p).

**Hint:** Remember that the number of valence electrons is crucial for determining how many bonds xenon can form and how many lone pairs it can have.

2. **Analyze Different Xenon Compounds:**
- **XeF4:**
- Xenon has 8 valence electrons. It forms 4 single bonds with 4 fluorine atoms.
- This uses 4 electrons, leaving 4 electrons, which form 2 lone pairs.

- **XeF2:**
- Xenon again has 8 valence electrons. It forms 2 single bonds with 2 fluorine atoms.
- This uses 2 electrons, leaving 6 electrons, which form 3 lone pairs.

- **XeO2F2:**
- Xenon has 8 valence electrons. It forms 2 double bonds with 2 oxygen atoms and 2 single bonds with 2 fluorine atoms.
- This uses 6 electrons (4 for the double bonds and 2 for the single bonds), leaving 2 electrons, which form 1 lone pair.

- **XeOF4:**
- Xenon has 8 valence electrons. It forms 1 double bond with 1 oxygen atom and 4 single bonds with 4 fluorine atoms.
- This uses 8 electrons (4 for the single bonds and 4 for the double bond), leaving 0 electrons, which means there are no lone pairs.

3. **Compare the Number of Lone Pairs:**
- **XeF4:** 2 lone pairs
- **XeF2:** 3 lone pairs
- **XeO2F2:** 1 lone pair
- **XeOF4:** 0 lone pairs

4. **Conclusion:**
- The compound with the maximum number of lone pairs on the central atom (xenon) is **XeF2**, which has **3 lone pairs**.

### Final Answer:
**XeF2 has the maximum number of lone pairs of electrons (3) present on the central atom, xenon.**

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