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Which of the given metal ion form high t...

Which of the given metal ion form high tendency to complex with CO ?

A

`Sc^(+3)`

B

`Ti^(+3)`

C

`Mn^(+2)`

D

`Fe^(+2)`

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine which metal ion has a high tendency to complex with carbon monoxide (CO), we need to analyze the nature of CO as a ligand and the electronic configurations of the given metal ions. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understand the Nature of CO:** - Carbon monoxide (CO) acts as a ligand that can donate electrons (sigma donor) and can also accept electrons into its vacant pi orbitals (pi acceptor). This dual behavior is crucial in determining its ability to form complexes with metal ions. 2. **Identify the Metal Ions:** - The metal ions provided are Scandium (Sc), Titanium (Ti), Manganese (Mn), and Iron (Fe). 3. **Determine the Electronic Configurations:** - For each metal ion, we need to find the electronic configuration after losing the appropriate number of electrons to form the +2 oxidation state: - **Scandium (Sc):** - Atomic number: 21 - Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d¹ 4s² - For Sc²⁺: Loses 2 electrons from 4s, resulting in: 3d⁰ - **Titanium (Ti):** - Atomic number: 22 - Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d² 4s² - For Ti²⁺: Loses 2 electrons (1 from 4s and 1 from 3d), resulting in: 3d¹ - **Manganese (Mn):** - Atomic number: 25 - Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s² - For Mn²⁺: Loses 2 electrons from 4s, resulting in: 3d⁵ - **Iron (Fe):** - Atomic number: 26 - Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s² - For Fe²⁺: Loses 2 electrons from 4s, resulting in: 3d⁶ 4. **Compare the Number of Electrons in the d-Orbitals:** - Sc²⁺: 3d⁰ (0 electrons) - Ti²⁺: 3d¹ (1 electron) - Mn²⁺: 3d⁵ (5 electrons) - Fe²⁺: 3d⁶ (6 electrons) 5. **Determine the Tendency to Form Complexes:** - The ability of a metal ion to form complexes with CO is generally higher when it has more electrons in its d-orbitals. This is because CO can accept electrons into its vacant pi orbitals, and the more electrons available in the d-orbitals, the stronger the interaction. - Among the given metal ions, Fe²⁺ has the highest number of d-electrons (6 electrons). 6. **Conclusion:** - Therefore, the metal ion with the highest tendency to complex with CO is **Fe²⁺**. ### Final Answer: The correct answer is **Fe²⁺** (Iron in +2 oxidation state).
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