Which one of the following reagents will not convert ethyl alcohol into ethyl chloride ?

Options

A. `HCl- ZnCl_(2)`
B. `C Cl_(4)`
C. `PCl_(5)`
D. `SOCl_(2)`

Answer

To determine which reagent will not convert ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) into ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl), we need to analyze each reagent provided in the options and see if they can produce a chloride ion (Cl-) that can replace the hydroxyl group (OH-) in ethyl alcohol.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Structure of Ethyl Alcohol and Ethyl Chloride:**
- Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) consists of an ethyl group (C2H5) and a hydroxyl group (OH).
- Ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl) consists of an ethyl group (C2H5) and a chlorine atom (Cl).

2. **Understand the Reaction Mechanism:**
- The conversion of ethyl alcohol to ethyl chloride involves the substitution of the hydroxyl group (OH) with a chloride ion (Cl-).
- A reagent must provide a chloride ion to facilitate this substitution.

3. **Evaluate Each Reagent:**
- **Option A: HCl + ZnCl2**
- When ethyl alcohol reacts with HCl in the presence of ZnCl2, the chloride ion (Cl-) is generated, and the reaction proceeds to form ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl) and water.
- **Conclusion:** This reagent can convert ethyl alcohol to ethyl chloride.

- **Option B: CCl4**
- CCl4 does not provide any chloride ions that can participate in a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Therefore, no reaction occurs between ethyl alcohol and CCl4.
- **Conclusion:** This reagent cannot convert ethyl alcohol to ethyl chloride.

- **Option C: PCl5**
- PCl5 reacts with ethyl alcohol to produce ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl), HCl, and POCl3. The OH group is replaced by a Cl- ion.
- **Conclusion:** This reagent can convert ethyl alcohol to ethyl chloride.

- **Option D: SOCl2**
- SOCl2 reacts with ethyl alcohol to produce ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl), HCl, and SO2. The OH group is replaced by a Cl- ion.
- **Conclusion:** This reagent can convert ethyl alcohol to ethyl chloride.

4. **Final Conclusion:**
- The only reagent that does not convert ethyl alcohol into ethyl chloride is **Option B: CCl4**.

### Final Answer:
**Option B: CCl4** will not convert ethyl alcohol into ethyl chloride.