Which of the following properties is present in all the substances ?

Options

A. Ferromagnetism
B. Paramagnetism
C. Diamagnetism
D. None of these

Answer

To determine which property is present in all substances, let's analyze the options given:

1. **Ferromagnetism**:
- Ferromagnetism is a property exhibited by certain materials (like iron, cobalt, and nickel) that can become permanent magnets. This property is not present in all substances, as many materials do not exhibit ferromagnetic behavior.
- **Conclusion**: Ferromagnetism is not present in all substances.

2. **Paramagnetism**:
- Paramagnetism occurs in materials that are weakly attracted by an external magnetic field. This property is also not universal, as many substances do not exhibit paramagnetic behavior. Only specific materials show this property.
- **Conclusion**: Paramagnetism is not present in all substances.

3. **Diamagnetism**:
- Diamagnetism is a property of all materials, where they create an opposing magnetic field when exposed to an external magnetic field. This means that all substances will exhibit some degree of diamagnetic behavior, even if it is very weak.
- **Conclusion**: Diamagnetism is present in all substances.

Based on the analysis above, the correct answer is:

**Option C: Diamagnetism is present in all substances.**