State and explain law of multiple proportions with a suitable example.

Explanation

According to the laws of multiple proportions, if two elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of other elementare in the same ratio. For example, hydrogn combine with oxygen to form two compounds, namely water `(H_(2)O)` and hydrogen peroxide `(H_(2)O_(2))`
`underset(2g)("Hydrogen")+underset(16g)("Oxygen")tounderset(18g)("water")`
`underset(2g)("Hydrogen")+underset(32g)("Oxygen")to underset(34g)("Hydrogen peroxide")`
Here, the masses of oxygen (i.e., 16 and 32g), which combines with a fxied mass of hydrogen (2g) bear a simple ratio i.e., 16:32 or 1:2.