How many total number of genes are found in human genome ?

Options

A. 18000
B. 30000
C. 13000
D. 4000

Answer

To determine the total number of genes found in the human genome, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Human Genome**: The human genome consists of all the genetic material in a human being. It includes both the coding and non-coding regions of DNA.

2. **Diploid and Haploid Content**: The diploid human genome contains approximately 6.6 billion base pairs. The haploid genome, which is found in gametes (sperm and egg cells), contains half of that, about 3.3 billion base pairs.

3. **Initial Estimates of Gene Count**: Initially, it was estimated that the human genome contained between 80,000 to 140,000 genes before the completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP).

4. **Human Genome Project (HGP)**: The HGP was a significant scientific endeavor that mapped the entire human genome. Upon completion, it provided a more accurate count of the number of genes.

5. **Final Gene Count**: The results of the HGP revealed that the actual number of genes in the human genome is approximately 30,000.

6. **Functionality of Genes**: It is important to note that about 50% of these genes have unknown functions, meaning that scientists have not yet discovered what these genes do.

7. **Coding vs Non-Coding DNA**: Less than 2% of the human genome is involved in coding for proteins, while the remaining 98% is considered non-coding DNA.

8. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the total number of genes found in the human genome is approximately 30,000.

### Final Answer:
The total number of genes in the human genome is approximately **30,000**.

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