An unstable nuclide with N/P ratio more than that required for stability can attain stability by

Options

A. it emits `beta^-`
B. It emits `beta^+`
C. It emits `alpha` particle
D. It will undergo K electron capture

Answer

To solve the problem of how an unstable nuclide with a neutron-to-proton (N/P) ratio greater than that required for stability can attain stability, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the N/P Ratio
The neutron-to-proton (N/P) ratio is crucial for the stability of a nucleus. A high N/P ratio indicates that there are more neutrons than protons, which can lead to instability.

**Hint:** Remember that stable nuclei have specific N/P ratios that vary depending on the atomic number.

### Step 2: Identify the Need for Change
Since the N/P ratio is greater than the stable value, we need to either decrease the number of neutrons (N) or increase the number of protons (P) to achieve stability.

**Hint:** Think about how changes in the number of neutrons and protons affect the N/P ratio.

### Step 3: Analyze Possible Processes
We can consider various nuclear processes that can alter the N/P ratio:

- **Beta Negative Decay:** A neutron is converted into a proton and an electron (beta particle). This process decreases the number of neutrons and increases the number of protons.

- **Beta Positive Decay:** A proton is converted into a neutron and a positron. This process increases the number of neutrons and decreases the number of protons, which is not helpful.

- **Alpha Decay:** An alpha particle (2 protons and 2 neutrons) is emitted. This reduces both protons and neutrons but does not effectively change the N/P ratio significantly.

- **K-Capture:** An electron is captured by a proton, converting it into a neutron. This decreases the number of protons and increases the number of neutrons, which is also not helpful.

**Hint:** Evaluate each process and how it affects the N/P ratio.

### Step 4: Determine the Correct Process
From the analysis:
- **Beta Negative Decay** is the only process that effectively decreases the N/P ratio by converting one neutron into one proton, thus stabilizing the nuclide.

**Hint:** Focus on the processes that lead to a decrease in neutrons or an increase in protons.

### Conclusion
The unstable nuclide can attain stability by emitting a beta negative particle, which decreases the number of neutrons and increases the number of protons, thereby reducing the N/P ratio to a stable level.

**Final Answer:** An unstable nuclide with an N/P ratio greater than that required for stability can attain stability by emitting a beta negative particle.