Which of the following has maximum boiling point?

Options

A.
B.
C.
D.

Answer

To determine which of the given options has the maximum boiling point, we need to analyze the structural isomers provided. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Compounds
First, we need to identify the compounds given in the options. All options contain six carbon atoms, making them structural isomers of each other.

### Step 2: Understand Boiling Point Factors
The boiling point of hydrocarbons is influenced by:
- **Surface Area**: Greater surface area typically leads to higher boiling points due to increased Van der Waals forces.
- **Branching**: More branching in a molecule generally results in lower boiling points because branched molecules have a smaller surface area compared to their straight-chain counterparts.

### Step 3: Analyze the Structures
- **Option A**: A straight-chain alkane (e.g., hexane).
- **Option B**: A branched isomer (e.g., 2-methylpentane).
- **Option C**: A more branched isomer (e.g., 3-methylpentane).
- **Option D**: A highly branched isomer (e.g., 2,2-dimethylbutane).

### Step 4: Compare the Surface Areas
- **Option A** (straight-chain) has the largest surface area because it is unbranched.
- **Option B** has some branching, which reduces its surface area compared to Option A.
- **Option C** has more branching than Option B, further reducing its surface area.
- **Option D** has the most branching, resulting in the smallest surface area.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Since boiling point is directly proportional to surface area and inversely proportional to branching:
- **Option A** (the straight-chain alkane) will have the highest boiling point among the options provided.

### Final Answer
Thus, the compound with the maximum boiling point is **Option A**.

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