How is the size of nucleus experimentally determined ? Write the relation between the radius and mass number of the nucleus. Show that the density of nucleus is independent of its mass number.

Explanation

To determine the size of a nucleus experimentally, we primarily rely on the results of the Rutherford alpha particle scattering experiment. Here’s a step-by-step solution to the question:

### Step 1: Experimental Determination of Nucleus Size
The size of the nucleus is experimentally determined using the **Rutherford alpha particle scattering experiment**. In this experiment, alpha particles are directed at a thin foil of gold, and their scattering angles are measured. By analyzing the scattering patterns, the size of the nucleus can be inferred.

### Step 2: Relation Between Radius and Mass Number
The radius \( R \) of a nucleus is related to its mass number \( A \) by the empirical formula:

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