Find the valence factor for following salts :
(i) `K_(2)SO_(4).Al_(2)(SO_(4))_(3).24H_(2)O " " (ii) CaCO_(3)`

Answer

To find the valence factor for the given salts, we will analyze each salt separately and calculate the total charge on either the cation or the anion.

### Step-by-Step Solution

#### (i) For Potash Alum: `K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O`

1. **Identify the Components**: Potash alum is a double salt made up of potassium sulfate (`K₂SO₄`) and aluminum sulfate (`Al₂(SO₄)₃`).

2. **Calculate the Valence Factor for Potassium Sulfate (`K₂SO₄`)**:
- The cation is `K⁺` with a charge of +1. Since there are 2 potassium ions, the total positive charge from potassium is:
\[ 2 \times (+1) = +2 \]
- The anion is `SO₄²⁻` with a charge of -2. Since there is 1 sulfate ion, the total negative charge from sulfate is:
\[ 1 \times (-2) = -2 \]
- The valence factor for potassium sulfate is the total charge on either the cation or the anion, which is:
\[ \text{Valence Factor} = 2 \]

3. **Calculate the Valence Factor for Aluminum Sulfate (`Al₂(SO₄)₃`)**:
- The cation is `Al³⁺` with a charge of +3. Since there are 2 aluminum ions, the total positive charge from aluminum is:
\[ 2 \times (+3) = +6 \]
- The anion is `SO₄²⁻` with a charge of -2. Since there are 3 sulfate ions, the total negative charge from sulfate is:
\[ 3 \times (-2) = -6 \]
- The valence factor for aluminum sulfate is:
\[ \text{Valence Factor} = 6 \]

4. **Combine the Valence Factors**: The total valence factor for potash alum is the sum of the valence factors of its components:
\[ \text{Total Valence Factor} = 2 + 6 = 8 \]

#### (ii) For Calcium Carbonate: `CaCO₃`

1. **Identify the Components**: Calcium carbonate is made up of calcium ions (`Ca²⁺`) and carbonate ions (`CO₃²⁻`).

2. **Calculate the Valence Factor**:
- The cation is `Ca²⁺` with a charge of +2. The total positive charge from calcium is:
\[ 1 \times (+2) = +2 \]
- The anion is `CO₃²⁻` with a charge of -2. The total negative charge from carbonate is:
\[ 1 \times (-2) = -2 \]
- The valence factor for calcium carbonate is:
\[ \text{Valence Factor} = 2 \]

### Final Answers
- **Valence Factor for Potash Alum**: 8
- **Valence Factor for Calcium Carbonate**: 2

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